Passiflora edulis peel extracts applied as an edible coating on strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa)

Resumen

This study evaluated the antioxidant and antifungal potential of ethanolic extracts obtained from passion fruit (Passiflora edulis) peel and their application as an active edible coating for extending the postharvest life of strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa). Peels from two botanical forms of Passiflora edulis (P. edulis f. flavicarpa and P. edulis f. edulis) and one additional species (Passiflora ligularis) were characterized in terms of color, extraction yield, and antioxidant activity using DPPH and ABTS assays. The antifungal activity of P. edulis peel extract against Rhizopus stolonifer was evaluated through a radial growth inhibition at concentrations ranging from 500 to 3000 ppm. The extract was incorporated into a carboxymethylcellulose-based edible coating and applied to strawberries by immersion. During 17 days of storage, color (CIELab parameters) and weight loss were monitored. Passiflora edulis showed the highest extraction yield and antioxidant capacity, particularly by the ABTS method. The extract exhibited a strong dose-dependent antifungal effect, with higher concentrations showing a marked reduction of mycelial growth under in vitro conditions. Coated strawberries showed greater stability in color parameters (L*, a*, and b*) and significantly reduced weight loss compared to the control, indicating delay in some physical changes associated with senescence. These results suggest that P. edulis peel, an agro-industrial by product, represents a promising source of bioactive compounds for the development of functional edible coatings capable of improving strawberry postharvest quality.