Ex situ morphological characterization of the native chili Cha’hua (Capsi-cum annuum L.) cv. Chahua

Resumen

Objective: To morphologically characterize Cha’hua chili (Capsicum annuum L.), a native variety from the Yucatán Peninsula. Design/methodology/approach: Seeds collected from Cha’hua chili in the state of Yucatán were sown in 200-cavity polystyrene trays. After transplanting, the plants were placed in hydroponic bags and morphologically characterized using the descriptor for the genus Capsicum from the International Plant Genetic Resources Institute (IPGRI).

Results: The plant reached a height of 118 cm and a width of 34.8 cm, with white flowers and light green fruits at the early stage, turning red at maturity. The fruits measured 7.42 cm in length and 2.32 cm in width. The plant exhibited tolerance to viral infections caused by whiteflies. Capsaicin and dihydrocapsaicin contents were determined at 10.10 mg g⁻¹ and 3.03 mg g⁻¹, respectively.

Study limitations/implications: The morphological characterization of the Cha’hua variety will generate valuable knowledge to enhance its adaptation to large-scale production systems.

Findings/conclusions: This plant possesses morphological characteristics suitable for genetic improvement aimed at commercial exploitation, given its market acceptance both as fresh and dried fruit, supported by competitive market prices.