Comparative study of different drying methods regard to the phenols and flavonoids content of dried Citrus aurantium L. leaves

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Geovanni Hernández Galvez https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1500-0284
Margarita Castillo Téllez https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9639-1736
Jorge de Jesús Chan González https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8638-1646
Francisca Méndez Morales https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4785-7322
Damianys Almenares López http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0247-4624
Manuel Mateo Hernández Villegas https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8664-0599
Edelia Claudina Villareal Ibarra https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1574-9511

Keywords

Citrus aurantium, sour orange, flavonoids, phenols, solar drying.

Resumen

Objective: To determine the effects of different thermal drying technologies on the total phenol and flavonoid contents (TPC) and total flavonoids (TFC) in sour orange (Citrus aurantium L.) leaves.


Design/methodology/approach: Solar drying was carried out in outdoor sunny conditions using two direct solar dryers; one with natural convection, the other with forced convection. The total phenol and flavonoid contents in gallic acid equivalents (GAE) and quercetin (Q), respectively, of ethanolic extracts of C. aurantium were assessed with spectrophotometric techniques.


Results: The results demonstrated maximum phenol values for the direct natural convection solar dryer (161.4 mg EAG/g MS) and minimum values for shade drying (61.43 mg EAG/g MS). As for flavonoids, the highest values were obtained in the direct forced convection solar dryer (32.22 ± 1.6 mg EQ/g MS), while the lowest was registered in the open air sun (11.72 mg EQ/g MS).


Conclusions: Direct solar dryers are technologies effective for maintaining the phenols and total flavonoids content in dried leaves of C. aurantium.


 

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