Corn kernel and corn fodder yield in four maize varieties in the humid tropics of Mexico

Resumen

In southeastern Mexico, maize is planted for its corn kernel. Additionally, its bracts are used for tamales and handicrafts, its cobs are used as vegetables for human consumption, and its fodder is used to feed cattle.

Objective: To evaluate the growth and yield of maize planted for corn kernel and fodder production in Loma Bonita, Oaxaca, Mexico.

Design/Methodology/Approach: The DK7500, H-520, A7573, and VS-536 maize genotypes were used as treatments for the production of corn kernel and fodder, using a randomized blocks design with three replications. Several variables were measured: plant height, stem diameter, chlorophyll, leaf length, leaf width, and leaf area. Finally, the corn kernel and fodder yields were estimated (kg ha^-1) at the time of harvest.

Results: The genotypes under study showed significant differences (P£0.05) in plant height, stem diameter, leaf length, leaf width, and leaf area. The A7573 genotype recorded the highest corn kernel yield (20,409 kg ha^-1), while fodder yield was statistically the same in the four genotypes.

Study Limitations/Implications: An analysis of different environments in a multi-year period would help to verify the information obtained.

Findings/Conclusions: A7573 maize had the highest corn kernel yield (20,409 kg ha^-1): 15.5% higher than that of H-520 and 12.5% higher than VS-536 (control). Fodder yield was statistically similar between genotypes, ranging from 40,529 kg ha^-1 (H-520) to 42,104 kg ha^-1 (VS-536).