Morpho-physiological characteristics of corn (Zea mays L.) affected by drought during its vegetative stage

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María de la Luz Castro Acosta https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4395-1167
Bardo Heleodoro Sánchez Soto https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4398-6482
Jesús del Rosario Ruelas Islas https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8833-6929
Celia Selene Romero Félix
Salomón Buelna Tarín https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7239-7594
Victor Gabriel Almada Ruíz https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9822-7198

Keywords

water use efficiency, transpiration, dry weight, drought.

Resumen

Objective: To evaluate the response corn hybrids have on their growth of aerial and root parts, transpiration,
and water use efficiency during their early vegetative stage in irrigation and drought conditions.
Design/methodology/approach: A randomized complete block design with a factorial arrangement, three
repetitions, three corn hybrids and two humidity levels were used. The evaluated variables were: plant height,
leaf area, root length, dry weight of the aerial and root part of the plants, efficiency in the water use and total
plant transpiration.
Results: The leaf area and dry weight data of the aerial parts of the assessed plants were greater in irrigation
than in drought; in contrast, root length, dry root weight and water use efficiency were higher in drought. SV 3245 registered a higher total transpiration per plant; SV 3243 and ASGROW 7543 showed higher dry weight in their aerial parts; ASGROW 7543 accumulated a greater dry weight at their roots and was more water usage efficient. The experiments indicated interaction for root length, dry root weight and efficiency in water use.
Limitations on study/implications: The drought caused seedlings’ death at 28 days after sowing (dds), therefore, it was not possible to continue the evaluations from then on.
Findings/conclusions: The drought decreased the growth of the aerial parts of the plants and increased the root system and efficiency in their water usage.

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