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ABSTRACT
Objective: The objective of this study was to identify the factors that influence chayote production based on a biophysical and descriptive characterization.
Design/methodology/approach: The method consisted of a biophysical characterization based on the analysis of land use and vegetation mapping, soil type, climate, relief and altitudinal range. The descriptive analysis focused on cultivation, agricultural techniques, adaptation to different biophysical conditions, pests, diseases and socioeconomic factors that influence production.
Results: The results show that in the municipality of Coscomatepec chayote occupies 80% of the agricultural area. Currently, chayote is grown under adequate conditions of climate, slope and altitude, although it faces problems of water availability. The crop is susceptible to drought and requires irrigation. In some cases, the way irrigation is applied is inadequate and increases the risk of disease, mainly in clay soils. In addition, the lack of phytosanitary control and technological backwardness limit the crop's competitiveness.
Limitations on study/implications: To deepen the economic analysis of the costs associated with the application of irrigation, evaluating its influence on crop yield and profitability.
Findings/conclusions: To improve production and address current problems, it is recommended that efficient irrigation systems be implemented, water catchment works be built to reduce costs, drainage in clay soils be improved, and preventive phytosanitary control be promoted to ensure crop sustainability.