https://revista-agroproductividad.org/index.php/agroproductividad/issue/feedAgro Productividad2024-03-19T18:09:15+00:00Dr. Jorge Cadena Iñiguez[email protected]Open Journal Systems<p><strong>Agro Productividad</strong> es una publicación mensual del Colegio de Postgraduados en Ciencias Agrícolas. Fue fundada en 2008 con el objetivo de difundir resultados en artículos científicos originales, así como notas científicas, revisiones temáticas, relacionados con la agricultura (cultivos, silvicultura, ganadería, pesca y acuicultura, y agroindustria) y la producción de agroalimentos.</p> <p>También aborda temáticas sobre procesos económicos, sociales y ambientales que impactan la productividad agrícola y el desarrollo rural.</p> <p>Todas las contribuciones recibidas son sometidas a un proceso de arbitraje doble ciego y edición final. La revista se publica en español y en inglés. Se encuentra indexada a diferentes indicadores nacionales e internacionales resaltando <a title="CONACYT (Competencia Internaciona)" href="http://www.revistascytconacyt.mx/index.php/revistas/resultado/461"><strong>CONACYT </strong>(Competencia Internacional)</a>,<a href="https://www.ebsco.com/"><em> EBSCO</em></a>, <a href="https://latam.cengage.com/">CENGAGE LEARNING</a>, INC., <a href="https://scholar.google.com/citations?hl=es&user=BX46e5AAAAAJ">Google Académico</a> además de <a href="https://clarivate.libguides.com/webofscienceplatform/zr">Zoological Records</a> en <a href="https://mjl.clarivate.com/">Master Journal List</a> de <a href="https://clarivate.com/">Clarivate Analitycs</a> (antes ISI), <a href="http://periodica.unam.mx/F?func=find-b-0&local_base=per01"><em>PERIODICA</em></a>-<a href="https://biblat.unam.mx/es/">Biblat</a>, <a href="https://www.cabdirect.org/">CABI</a> y <a href="http://revista-agroproductividad.org/index.php/agroproductividad/management/settings/cabdirect.org">CAB Abstracts</a>, <a href="https://www.latindex.org/latindex/Solar/Busqueda">Latindex (Directorio</a> y <a href="https://www.latindex.org/latindex/Solar/Busqueda">Catálogo</a>), <a href="https://www.redib.org/">REDIB</a>, <a href="http://sibdi.ucr.ac.cr/">SIBDI</a>, <a href="http://miar.ub.edu/">MIAR</a>, <a href="https://app.dimensions.ai/discover/publication?or_facet_source_title=jour.1389419&and_facet_source_title=jour.1389419&viz-st:aggr=mean">DIMENSIONS</a>, <a href="https://core.ac.uk/data-providers/14738">CORE</a>,<a href="https://www.scilit.net/journal/4149474"> Scilit</a>, <a href="https://ageconsearch.umn.edu/search?ln=en&cc=2394">AgEconSEARCH , </a><a href="https://www.worldcat.org/title/agroproductividad-ap/oclc/1031278376&referer=brief_results">WordCat </a>, <a href="https://www.base-search.net/Search/Results?q=dccoll:ftjrap&refid=dctableen">BASE</a>, <a title="EBSCOhost (Fuente académica Plus)" href="https://www.ebscohost.com/titleLists/fap-coverage.htm">EBSCO<em>hos</em>t (Fuente académica Plus)</a> <a style="background-color: #ffffff; font-size: 0.875rem;" href="http://aura.amelica.org/detalle-revista.html?cveRevista=1708">AURA</a>, <a href="https://ezb.uni-regensburg.de/searchres.phtml?bibid=AAAAA&colors=7&lang=de&jq_type1=QS&jq_term1=Agro+productividad">Electronic Journals Library (EZB)</a>, <a href="https://www.refseek.com/search?q=Agro+productividad">Refseek</a>,<a href="https://explore.openaire.eu/search/dataprovider?datasourceId=issn___print::b930c4817adcabca2f0db426408b0942"> OpenAire</a>, <a href="https://zdb-katalog.de/title.xhtml?idn=115602532X&view=full">ZEITSCHRIFT DATENBANK</a> y recientemente <a href="https://discover.libraryhub.jisc.ac.uk/search?q=isn%3A%202594-0252&rn=1">Jisc</a> y <a href="https://scite.ai/journals/agro-productividad-W86Pw">scite.</a></p>https://revista-agroproductividad.org/index.php/agroproductividad/article/view/2482Characterization of weed flora in a cassava crop in Tabasco2023-01-24T06:11:19+00:00Eustolia García-López[email protected]Wanderley Magaña-Valenzuela[email protected]JOSÉ JESÚS OBRADOR OLÁN[email protected]Mepivoseth Castelán-Estrada[email protected]Eugenio Carrillo-Ávila[email protected]Apolonio Valdez-Balero[email protected]José F. Juárez-López[email protected]<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the effect of the incorporation of <em>Crotalaria juncea</em> L. as green manure on the weed community in a cassava crop in Tabasco.</p> <p><strong>Design/methodology/approach:</strong> The study was carried out in the Experimental Field of Colegio de Postgraduados, Campus Tabasco (18º01' N and 93º03' W). The samplings were made on four dates: 1) at the planting of crotalaria (12/03/2018); 2) at flowering (31/01/2019); 3) 20 days after incorporation (22/02/2019); 4) at cassava harvest (25/04/2019), using metal squares 50 x 50 cm. Two planting densities, 50 and 80 cm (16,600 and 10,375 plants ha<sup>-1</sup>), two doses of NPK fertilization (160-40-80 and 00-40-80+GM), and a control were tested. The name of the species, number of individuals and coverage (percentage) were recorded to calculate the richness (S), Shannon diversity (H') and uniformity (E) indices, and the importance value index (IVI).</p> <p><strong>Results</strong>: The weed community consisted of 32 species, 28 genera and 16 families, of which the best represented are: Convolvulaceae, Asteraceae, Cyperaceae and Poaceae. The most frequently recorded species are <em>Lindernia crustacea</em>, <em>Ludwigia octovalvis</em>, and <em>Ageratum houstonianum</em>. The diversity indices reflected a poor community, especially with GM treatments; diversity ranged from low to medium and uniformity from medium to high. The importance of the families was more related to the environmental conditions than to the treatments; Cyperaceae were more important in the rainy season and Asteraceae in the dry season. <em>L. crustacea</em> appeared throughout the cycle.</p> <p><strong>Limitations/implications</strong>: It is advisable to extend the investigation period.</p> <p><strong>Findings/conclusions</strong>: The weed flora consisted of 32 species; the Convolvulaceae family was the most diverse and <em>L. crustacea</em> was the most recorded species during the cycle. The diversity indices reflected a poor community. The importance of the families was related to environmental conditions, where Cyperaceae stood out in the rainy season and Asteraceae in the dry season</p>2024-03-19T00:00:00+00:00Derechos de autor 2024 Agro Productividadhttps://revista-agroproductividad.org/index.php/agroproductividad/article/view/2551Germination test of maize (Zea mays L.) seeds in a NaCl solution2023-03-21T20:41:46+00:00Abel Santillán Ángeles[email protected]Abel Quevedo-Nolasco[email protected]Apolinar Mejía-Contreras[email protected]Francisco Gavi- Reyes†[email protected]<p><strong>R</strong></p> <p><strong>bjective: </strong>To evaluate the germination behavior and to define the initial vigor of maize seeds.</p> <p><strong>Methodology: </strong>The genetic material consisted of four batches of 20 hybrid seeds each (M-2014, SR-2014, SR-2012, and SR-2011), which were germinated in a NaCl solution (0, 5, 10, and 15 dS m<sup>-1</sup>) in a germination chamber. A randomized complete block experimental design was used, in which the seed batch and salinity level were the experimental units, with four repetitions each. Seeds with defined radicle and plumule were counted for evaluation.</p> <p><strong>Results:</strong> As a result of the comparison of the three batches from the same environment (production site) and different years, the statistical analysis indicated that the longest-lived seeds have a lower germination percentage. Similarly, when batches from different production environments and the same year were compared, M-2014 obtained the highest average germination percentage (92.19%). When the maximum level of salinity (15 dS m<sup>-1</sup>) was evaluated, an average 41.25% loss in germination was observed.</p> <p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The test efficiently discriminated seed batches, based on speed and uniformity in NaCl-based germination, therefore providing acceptable results for the evaluation of the viability and vigor of a seed batch.</p>2024-03-19T00:00:00+00:00Derechos de autor 2024 Agro Productividadhttps://revista-agroproductividad.org/index.php/agroproductividad/article/view/2558Bromatological analysis of annatto (Bixa Orellana L.) seeds2023-04-10T16:50:41+00:00Jesús M. Avalos-Fernández[email protected]Nydia del Rivero Bautista[email protected]Edith Hernández-Nataren[email protected]Rocío G. Acosta-Pech[email protected]Juana P. Pereyra-Susán[email protected]<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this study was to carry out a bromatological and physicochemical analysis of local annatto seeds and a commercial paste.</p> <p><strong>Design/methodology/approach: </strong>The vegetal material used were local annatto seeds to which physicochemical analysis was carried out to determine ashes (Kirk et al., 1996), moisture (weight difference), dry matter (Nielsen, 2019), proteins (Kjeldah, AOAC, 1980), FDA and FDN (Van Soest and Wine, 1967), fat (Soxhlet, 1990). In addition, bromatological analysis was carried out on the samples and the commercial paste (Vázquez, 2001).</p> <p><strong>Results:</strong> The results obtained from the physicochemical analysis varied in ranges, where the M3 sample (dark heart-shaped annatto without filaments) presented the highest values. Regarding the bixin content, the highest percentage with 4.09 % was obtained in the M2 sample (heart-shaped red annatto without filaments) and the commercial paste was the lowest with 0.56 %.</p> <p><strong>Limitations on study/implications: </strong>The importance of carrying out the bromatological and physical-chemical analysis of the local annatto seeds was to determine which of the local samples and the commercial paste contain the highest amount of bixin. The antioxidant properties of bixin, together with a long shelf life in addition to its well-established safety characteristics, result in a very promising natural coloring agent in the food industry, given that it is an FDA-approved food additive: E160 b.</p> <p><strong>Findings/conclusions: </strong>The physicochemical analyzes varied in ranges, where the M3 sample (dark heart-shaped annatto without filaments) presented the highest values. The highest bixin content was found in the smooth heartwood red variety and the lowest value in the commercial paste</p>2024-03-19T00:00:00+00:00Derechos de autor 2024 Agro Productividadhttps://revista-agroproductividad.org/index.php/agroproductividad/article/view/2563 Neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) leaves as growth promoter in lambs’ diets2023-04-13T16:17:49+00:00JOSÉ ALFREDO MARTÍNEZ AISPURO[email protected]JOSÉ LUIS CORDERO MORA[email protected]JOSE ANTONIO MARTINEZ GARCÍA[email protected]GERMAN DAVID MENDOZA MARTÍNEZ[email protected]MARIA TERESA SANCHEZ TORRES ESQUEDA[email protected]JOSÉ LUIS FIGUEROA VELASCO[email protected]<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the dietary inclusion of neem leaves on the productive and biochemical performance of fattening lambs.</p> <p><strong>Design/methodology: </strong>Forty male lambs were assigned according to a completely randomized design. Treatments consisted of dietary inclusion of neem at 0.0, 2.5, 5.0, and 7.5 g kg<sup>-1</sup> DM for 35 days.<strong> </strong></p> <p><strong>Results: </strong>The inclusion of neem leaf in the diet did not affect the productive performance (P>0.05), while protein and energy metabolites were modified (P≤0.05).</p> <p><strong>L</strong><strong>imitations on study/implications: </strong>The bioactive compounds present in neem modified the metabolites related to protein and energy metabolism, although these changes did not reflect improvements in the productive performance.</p> <p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The inclusion of dietary neem (2.5-7.5 g kg<sup>-1</sup>) has no effect on the productive performance, although it does modify some energy and protein metabolites.</p>2024-03-19T00:00:00+00:00Derechos de autor 2024 Agro Productividadhttps://revista-agroproductividad.org/index.php/agroproductividad/article/view/2564Lychee (Lychee chinensis Sonn.), composition and possible applications2023-04-01T03:24:14+00:00M. Torres-Becerril[email protected]JUAN MANUEL ZALDÍVAR CRUZ[email protected]L.A. Ojeda-Enciso[email protected]<p><strong>Objective</strong>: to mention the importance of the bioactive compounds and fatty acids (FA) present in lychee, in addition to their possible applications Lychee is a fruit originally from Asia, which has sweet pulp and juice, presents an attractive appearance and pleasant flavor, in addition to high nutritional value, so that it is quite accepted by consumers. Lychee is a great source of bioactive compounds such as tannins and vitamin B<sub>1</sub>. Because of its functionality, it has various uses as in the preparation of teas and medicinal remedies. Because of the functionality it has, it is important to research this fruit in detail and to find possible applications. Therefore, the objective of this study.</p>2024-03-19T00:00:00+00:00Derechos de autor 2024 Agro Productividadhttps://revista-agroproductividad.org/index.php/agroproductividad/article/view/2576Synthesis and characterization of polyols made from poultry fat2023-04-24T05:29:04+00:00Maritza Hernández-Cruz[email protected]Yenifer Ramírez-Roblero[email protected]María C. Luján-Hidalgo[email protected]José H. Castañón-González[email protected]Zaira Domínguez[email protected]ROCIO MEZA GORDILLO[email protected]<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Identify the optimal conditions of polyols synthesis from poultry fat by epoxidation and hydrolysis <em>in situ</em>.</p> <p><strong>Design/methodology/approach: </strong>Using a statistical design of response surface Box-Behnken type was evaluated the effect of the factors temperature (60, 70 and 80 °C), catalyst (1, 2 and 3 % w / w), molar ratio double bonds:acetic acid (1: 1, 1: 1.5 and 1: 2) and time (4, 6 and 8 h), on the acid index of polyols synthesized.</p> <p><strong>Results: </strong>The FTIR spectra indicated that in mild reaction conditions epoxide groups (827 cm<sup>-1</sup>) are generated while in severe reaction conditions the formation of OH groups is favored. Therefore, the optimal conditions for the generation of polyol were: 80 °C, 3 % w/w catalyst (H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>), molar ratio double bonds:acetic acid 1:2 and reaction time of 8 h, obtaining a maximum percentage of 78% acidity index, and hydroxyl number of 74 mg KOH/g.</p> <p><strong>Limitations on study/implications: </strong>The removal of the acid medium and water in the reaction was a challenge in polyols with higher acidity index.</p> <p><strong>Findings/conclusions: </strong>The method used of fat extraction, allows to obtain raw material that meets the characteristics to perform the reaction of epoxidation and hydrolysis in a single step to obtain polyol. The most severe conditions of temperature, catalyst concentration, molar ratio of double bonds: acetic acid and reaction time, allowed to obtain the greatest amount of polyol from poultry fat.</p>2024-03-19T00:00:00+00:00Derechos de autor 2024 Agro Productividadhttps://revista-agroproductividad.org/index.php/agroproductividad/article/view/2590Competitiveness of mexican pecans [Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh) K.Koch] and almonds [Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D.A.Webb] in the international market2023-05-28T23:35:38+00:00Abisai Serrano López[email protected]Ramón Valdivia-Alcalá[email protected]Ángeles S. Garay-Jácome[email protected]Juan Hernández-Ortiz[email protected]José M. Contreras-Castillo[email protected]<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Measurement and analysis of the competitiveness of Mexican pecan nuts (<em>Carya illinoinensis</em>) and almonds (Prunus dulcis) in the international market with respect to the United States, during the period 2012-2021.</p> <p><strong>Design/Methodology/Approach: </strong>The Revealed Comparative Advantage Index was used to identify the factors that influence its performance and propose strategies to improve its market position.</p> <p><strong>Results:</strong> Mexican pecans to the United States are competitive (0.68 to 0.94) over the years. The IVCR of Mexican pecans to the United States remain consistently above zero (0.68 to 0.94) over the years.</p> <p><strong>Study Limitations/Implications: </strong>Information on the trade of Mexican pecan nuts and almonds may be limited, making it difficult to calculate the IVCR.</p> <p><strong>Findings/Conclusions:</strong> Mexican pecan nut shows favorable competitiveness in the U.S. market while almond its competitiveness is limited, it is not competitive with respect to the market.</p>2024-03-19T00:00:00+00:00Derechos de autor 2024 Agro Productividadhttps://revista-agroproductividad.org/index.php/agroproductividad/article/view/2642Field identification of Huanglongbing (HLB) and its management alternatives2023-07-16T03:22:15+00:00Karen J. Martínez-Netro[email protected]Hadassa Y Martínez-Padrón[email protected]Ma. T.J. Segura-Martínez[email protected]Francisco A. Paredes-Sánchez[email protected]Verónica Herrera-Mayorga[email protected]Raúl Rodríguez-Herrera[email protected]Eduardo Osorio-Hernández[email protected]<p>E<strong>Objective:</strong> The objective of this investigation is to identify huanglongbing (HLB) in the field and know their control altenatives. </p> <p><strong>Design/methodology/approach: </strong>Was investigated the introduction of the phytopathogen <em>Candidatus</em> Liberibacter, symptoms and control of HLB. The generally observed symptoms of this disease are irregular yellowing in the leaves and reversed ripening on the fruit. </p> <p><strong>Results:</strong> According to various authors, an integrated control of the disease must be carried out, such as pest control, production of seedlings in certified nurseries, a suitable nutrition management and working together with educational and research institutions. </p> <p><strong>Limitations on study/implications:</strong> HLB or citrus greening is the most devastating disease of citrus trees which has caused millions of dollars in losses worldwide. However, although there are several research, there is still no established cure. </p> <p><strong>Findings/conclusions:</strong> Research such as that carried out by geneticist Hailing Jin at the University of California Riverside can give hope for the cure or control of this disease, however, there are limitations to this product since it is not yet commercialized</p> <p> </p>2024-03-19T00:00:00+00:00Derechos de autor 2024 Agro Productividadhttps://revista-agroproductividad.org/index.php/agroproductividad/article/view/2674Phenotypic plasticity and biomass allocation in fertilized Quercus var-iabilis Blume seedlings2023-09-05T19:31:22+00:00Andrés Flores[email protected]A. Corona-Ambriz[email protected]J. Méndez-González[email protected]H. J. Muñoz-Flores[email protected]<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the phenotypic plasticity between fertilized (F) and unfertilized (UF) <em>Q. variabilis</em> seedlings developed in a nursery using small, medium, and large seeds.</p> <p><strong>Design/methodology/approach:</strong> By analyzing the phenotypic traits of growth (height and diameter at root collar) and root and stem dry biomass, plasticity indices and allocation patterns were assessed, and phenotypic traits in which the interaction effect of the seedling fertilization and seed size was observed.</p> <p><strong>Results:</strong> The results showed significant differences (p-value≤0.05) in the growth and biomass traits except for the root dry biomass, and significant differences were found both in the fertilization and seed size factors and in the fertilization and seed size interaction in phenotypic traits. For plasticity, all traits showed marked changes in response to the nutrient application, and small seeds had the highest plasticity indices. With respect to phenotypic change indices, medium seeds reached the highest values (0.94 for height and 0.92 for diameter). Large seeds recorded the highest index for root dry biomass (1.01), and medium seeds had the highest values of plasticity for stem dry biomass (0.81). Allometric differences were observed (intercepts were 1.8374 and 3.4956, and slopes were 4.0943 and 1.7038 for UF and F seedlings, respectively), and variations in the study factors (fertilization and seed size).</p> <p><strong>Limitations on study/implications:</strong> In order to improve the survival of plants in the field it is necessary to use seeds with high quality.</p> <p><strong>Findings/conclusions:</strong> Fertilization of <em>Q. variabilis</em> seedlings increases their biomass production, which allows for greater growth and survival compared to unfertilized ones.</p>2024-03-19T00:00:00+00:00Derechos de autor 2024 Agro Productividadhttps://revista-agroproductividad.org/index.php/agroproductividad/article/view/2526Origin, history, and current situation of donkeys and mules in Mexico2023-03-17T03:05:11+00:00Maria Esther Ortega Cerrilla[email protected]Rigoberto Vázquez Díaz[email protected]Adrián Muñoz Cuautle[email protected]Itzel Yazmin Vera Herrera[email protected]<p><strong>Objective:</strong> To review the economic and social importance of donkeys and mules and their current situation in Mexico.</p> <p><strong>Design/Methodology/Approach</strong>: Donkeys and mules have contributed to human development for thousands of years, mainly as pack animals, helping in the development of trade and the transportation of people. These strong, hardy, and long-lived animals can easily adapt to different environmental conditions, are resistant to diseases, and tolerate heavier loads than horses.</p> <p><strong>Study Limitations/Implications:</strong> These animals are mainly found in developing countries, where they are used for transportation, as beasts of burden, and for agricultural work. Unfortunately, their welfare is threatened as their basic needs (<em>e.g.</em>, feeding, health, and housing) are not met, despite their undeniable usefulness, especially in rural conditions.</p> <p><strong>Findings/Conclusions:</strong> Donkeys and mules have played a major role and made an undeniable contribution to human civilizations. Currently, they mainly support people in developing countries, helping them carry out their daily chores and earn income.</p>2024-03-19T00:00:00+00:00Derechos de autor 2024 Agro Productividad